Iziguquli zamaxesha amaninzi zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kushishino lwenkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwesantya esiguquguqukayo kwimveliso yamashishini.Ngenxa yeempawu zokutshintsha amandla kwisekethe yokuguqula i-inverter, umthwalo oqhelekileyo wenkqubo yediscrete uveliswa ekutshintsheni kwawo umbane.Isiguquli sefrikhwensi sihlala sisebenza ngaxeshanye nezinye izixhobo ezinjengeekhompyuter kunye neesensors kwisiza.Ezi zixhobo zifakwe kufutshane kwaye zinokuchaphazela enye kwenye.Ke ngoko, izixhobo zombane ze-elektroniki ezimelwe sisiguquli se-frequency sesinye semithombo ebalulekileyo ye-harmonic kwigridi yamandla kawonke-wonke, kwaye ungcoliseko lwe-harmonic oluveliswa zizixhobo ze-elektroniki zombane luye lwaba ngumqobo ophambili kuphuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-elektroniki yamandla ngokwawo.
1.1 Yintoni iiharonics
Isizathu esisisiseko se-harmonics kukulayishwa kwenkqubo ecacileyo.Xa i-current iqukuqela kumthwalo, akukho budlelwane bomgca kunye nombane osetyenzisiweyo, kunye nomsinga ngaphandle kwe-sine wave ihamba, ivelisa i-harmonics ephezulu.Iifrikhwensi zeHarmonic ziziphinda-phinda ezipheleleyo zesiseko sefrikhwensi.Ngokomgaqo wocazululo wesazi sezibalo saseFransi uFourier (M.Fourier), nayiphi na imo yamaza ephindaphindayo inokuboliswa ibe ziinxalenye zamaza e-sine kuquka amaza omoya asisiseko kunye neeharmonics zothotho lweziphindaphindo ezisisiseko.I-Harmonics zi-sinusoidal waveforms, kwaye nganye i-sinusoidal waveform ihlala ine-frequency eyahlukileyo, i-amplitude, kunye ne-angle yesigaba.IiHarmonics zinokwahlulwa zibe zii-harmonics ezilinganayo kunye nezingaqhelekanga, inani lesithathu, lesihlanu nelesixhenxe zii-harmonics ezingaqhelekanga, kwaye elesibini, eleshumi elinesine, lesithandathu kunye nelesibhozo amanani alingana.Ngokomzekelo, xa i-maza esisiseko yi-50Hz, i-harmonic yesibini yi-10Hz, kwaye i-harmonic yesithathu yi-150Hz.Ngokubanzi, ii-harmonics ezingaqhelekanga ziyonakalisa ngakumbi kune-harmonics.Kwinkqubo yesigaba sesithathu esilungeleleneyo, ngenxa ye-symmetry, i-harmonics iye yapheliswa kwaye kukho i-harmonics engaqhelekanga kuphela.Ngomthwalo wokulungisa isigaba sesithathu, i-harmonic current yi-6n 1 i-harmonic, efana ne-5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, njl njl. Isitshixo sokuqalisa esithambileyo sibangela i-5 kunye ne-7 ye-harmonics.
1.2 Imigangatho efanelekileyo yolawulo lwe-harmonic
Ukulawulwa kwe-harmonic ye-inverter kufuneka kuhlawule ingqalelo kule migangatho ilandelayo: imigangatho yokuchasana nokuphazamiseka: EN50082-1, -2, EN61800-3: imigangatho ye-radiation: EN5008l-1, -2, EN61800-3.Ngokukodwa i-IEC10003, i-IEC1800-3 (EN61800-3), i-IEC555 (EN60555) kunye ne-IEEE519-1992.
Imigangatho jikelele yokuchasana nokuphazamiseka kwe-EN50081 kunye ne-EN50082 kunye nomgangatho we-converter frequency EN61800 (1ECl800-3) ichaza i-radiation kunye nemigangatho yokuchasana nokuphazamiseka kwezixhobo ezisebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.Le migangatho ikhankanywe ngasentla ichaza amanqanaba okusasazeka amkelekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo: inqanaba L, akukho mda wokusasazeka ngemitha.Ilungele abasebenzisi abasebenzisa iziqalisi ezithambileyo kwiindawo zendalo ezingachatshazelwanga kunye nabasebenzisi abasombulula izithintelo zemithombo yemitha bebodwa.Udidi h ngumda ochazwe ngu-EN61800-3, indawo yokuqala: ukusabalalisa umda, indawo yesibini.Njengokhetho lwesihluzo samaza kanomathotholo, sixhotyiswe ngesihluzo samaza kanomathotholo sinokwenza isiqalisi esithambileyo sihlangane nenqanaba lentengiso, eliqhele ukusetyenziswa kwindawo engeyiyo eyeshishini.
2 Amanyathelo olawulo lwe-Harmonic
Iingxaki ze-Harmonic zinokulawulwa, ukuphazamiseka kwemitha kunye nokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokubonelela ngombane kunokucinezelwa, kwaye amanyathelo obugcisa afana nokukhusela, ukuhlukaniswa, ukubeka umhlaba kunye nokucoca kungamkelwa.
(1) Faka isihluzo sokwenziwa okanye isihluzo esisebenzayo;
(2) Phakamisa i-transformer, ukunciphisa i-impedance yeempawu zesekethe, kwaye uqhawule umgca wombane;
(3) Sebenzisa isiqalisi esithambileyo esiluhlaza, akukho lungcoliseko lwangoku lwe-pulse.
2.1 Ukusebenzisa izihluzi zokwenziwa okanye ezisebenzayo
Izihluzi eziPassive zifanelekile ekutshintsheni i-impedance yeempawu zokutshintsha amandla ombane kwiifrikhwensi ezikhethekileyo, kwaye zifanelekile kwiinkqubo ezizinzileyo kwaye ezingatshintshiyo.Izihluzi ezisebenzayo zifanelekile ukuhlawula imithwalo yenkqubo ecacileyo.
Izihluzi zePassive zifanelekile kwiindlela zemveli.Isihluzi se-passive sivele kuqala ngenxa yesakhiwo saso esilula nesicacileyo, utyalo-mali oluphantsi lweprojekthi, ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye neendleko zokusebenza eziphantsi.Zihlala ziyindlela ephambili yokucinezela imisinga ye-pulsed.Isihluzi se-LC sisixhobo socinezelo se-harmonic sesiqhelo se-passive ephezulu.Yindibaniselwano efanelekileyo yokucoca i-capacitors, i-reactors kunye ne-resistors, kwaye idibaniswe ngokuhambelana nomthombo ophezulu we-harmonic.Ukongeza kumsebenzi wokucoca, ikwanomsebenzi wembuyekezo ongasebenziyo.Ezo zixhobo zinemiqobo engenakulungiseka.Isitshixo silula kakhulu ukuba sigqithise, kwaye siya kutshisa xa sigqithisekile, okuya kubangela ukuba amandla ombane agqithise umgangatho, imbuyekezo kunye nesohlwayo.Ukongeza, izihluzi ze-passive azikho kulawulo, ngoko ke ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukongeza okongeziweyo okanye utshintsho lomthwalo womnatha luya kutshintsha i-resonance yochungechunge kunye nokunciphisa umphumo wokucoca.Okubaluleke ngakumbi, isihluzo sokucoca sinokuhluza kuphela icandelo elinye le-harmonic ephezulu (ukuba kukho isihluzi, sinokuhluza kuphela i-harmonic yesithathu), ukuze ukuba i-high-order frequency frequencies iyahluzwa, izihluzo ezahlukeneyo zingasetyenziselwa ukwandisa. utyalo-mali lwezixhobo.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeefilitha ezisebenzayo kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi, ezinokulandela kwaye zibuyisele i-pulse currents ze-frequencies ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-amplitudes, kwaye iimpawu zembuyekezo aziyi kuchatshazelwa yi-impedance yeempawu zegridi yamandla.Ithiyori esisiseko yezihluzo zobunjineli bamandla asebenzayo yazalwa ngeminyaka yoo-1960, ilandelwa luphuculo lwetekhnoloji yolawulo olupheleleyo, oluphakathi kunye noluncinci olulawulwa ngokupheleleyo, ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yolawulo lokumodareyitha kobubanzi bepulse, kunye neharmonics esekwe kwi. Ithiyori yomthwalo okhawulezayo wesantya esisebenzayo.Isiphakamiso esicacileyo sendlela yangoku yokujonga isantya esikhawulezileyo sikhokelele kuphuhliso olukhawulezayo lweefilitha zobunjineli bamandla asebenzayo.Ingcamango yayo esisiseko kukubeka iliso kwi-harmonic yangoku evela kwithagethi yembuyekezo, kwaye izixhobo zembuyekezo zenza ibhendi yembuyekezo yangoku kunye nobukhulu obufanayo kunye ne-polarity echaseneyo njenge-harmonic yangoku, ukuze kulungiswe i-pulse yangoku ebangelwa yi-pulse yangoku. umthombo womgca wentsusa, kwaye emva koko wenze yangoku yothungelwano lwamandla Kuphela izibonelelo ezisisiseko zibandakanyiwe.Inxalenye ephambili yi-harmonic wave generator kunye ne-automatic control system, oko kukuthi, isebenza ngeteknoloji yokucwangcisa umfanekiso wedijithali olawula i-triode yokugquma ngokukhawuleza.
Kweli nqanaba, kwinkalo yolawulo olukhethekileyo lwe-pulse yangoku, izihluzi ze-passive kunye nezihluzo ezisebenzayo ziye zavela ngendlela ehambelanayo kunye nezicelo ezixubileyo, zisebenzisa ngokupheleleyo iinzuzo zokucoca ezisebenzayo ezifana nesakhiwo esilula nesicacileyo, ukugcinwa okulula, ixabiso eliphantsi. , kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwembuyekezo.Isusa iziphene zomthamo omkhulu kunye neendleko ezongeziweyo zesihluzo esisebenzayo, kwaye idibanisa zombini kunye ukwenza yonke inkqubo yesoftware ifumane ukusebenza okugqwesileyo.
2.2 Nciphisa i-impedance ye-loop kwaye unqumle indlela yokuhambisa umgca
Isizathu esisisiseko sokuvelisa i-harmonic ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwemithwalo engabonakaliyo, ngoko ke, isisombululo esisisiseko kukuhlula imigca yamandla ye-harmonic-generating loads kwimigca yamandla ye-harmonic-sensitive loads.Umbane ogqwethekileyo owenziwe ngumthwalo ongekho mgca uvelisa ukuhla kwe-voltage ephosakeleyo kwi-impedance yentambo, kunye ne-synthesized distorted waveform waveform isetyenziswe kwezinye imithwalo exhunywe kumgca ofanayo, apho i-harmonic currents ephezulu ihamba.Ngoko ke, amanyathelo okunciphisa umonakalo wangoku we-pulse unokugcinwa ngokunyusa indawo ye-cross-sectional ye-cable kunye nokunciphisa i-loop impedance.Okwangoku, iindlela ezifana nokwandisa umthamo we-transformer, ukwandisa indawo ye-cross-sectional of cables, ngokukodwa ukwandisa indawo enqamlezileyo yeentambo ezingathathi hlangothi, kunye nokukhetha amacandelo okukhusela anjengama-breaker circuit kunye ne-fuses asetyenziswa kakhulu e-China.Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ayinakukwazi ukuphelisa i-harmonics, kodwa inciphisa iimpawu zokukhusela kunye nemisebenzi, inyusa utyalo-mali, kwaye inyusa iingozi ezifihlakeleyo kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla.Qhagamshela imithwalo yomgca kunye nemithwalo engahambelani ukusuka kumbane ofanayo
Amanqaku okukhutshwa (ii-PCC) aqala ukubonelela umbane kwisekethe nganye, ngoko ke i-voltage ephuma ngaphandle kwefreyimu esuka kwimithwalo edibeneyo ayikwazi ukudluliselwa kumthwalo womgca.Esi sisisombululo esifanelekileyo kwingxaki yangoku ye-harmonic.
2.3 Faka i-emerald green inverter amandla ngaphandle kongcoliseko lwe-harmonic
Umgangatho womgangatho we-inverter eluhlaza kukuba igalelo kunye ne-current currents ngamaza e-sine, i-input factor factor is controllable, i-factor factor can be set to 1 phantsi kwawo nawuphi na umthwalo, kwaye i-frequency ye-output ye-frequency yamandla inokulawulwa ngokungekho mthethweni.Isakhi esakhelwe ngaphakathi se-AC yesiguquli sefrikhwensi sinokucinezela kakuhle i-harmonics kwaye ikhusele ibhulorho elungisayo kwimpembelelo yeliza elinyuka ngoko nangoko lombane wobonelelo lwamandla.Ukuziqhelanisa kubonisa ukuba i-harmonic yangoku ngaphandle kwe-reactor ngokucacileyo iphezulu kunaleyo i-reactor.Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa kungcoliseko lwe-harmonic, isihluzi sengxolo sifakwe kwisekethe yemveliso ye-converter frequency.Xa i-frequency converter ivumela, i-frequency carrier ye-converter frequency iyancitshiswa.Ukongeza, kwii-high-power frequency converters, i-12-pulse okanye i-18-pulse rectification idla ngokusetyenziswa, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa umxholo we-harmonic kunikezelo lwamandla ngokususa i-harmonics ephantsi.Ngokomzekelo, i-12 pulses, i-harmonics ephantsi kakhulu yi-harmonics ye-11, ye-13, ye-23, kunye ne-25.Ngokufanayo, kwi-pulses enye ye-18, ii-harmonics ezimbalwa ziyi-harmonics ye-17 kunye ne-19.
Itekhnoloji ye-harmonic ephantsi esetyenziswa kwiziqalisi ezithambileyo inokushwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
(1) Uluhlu lokuphindaphinda kwemodyuli yombane we-inverter ukhetha i-2 okanye malunga neemodyuli ze-series-ezixhunyiwe kwi-inverter yamandla ombane, kunye nokuphelisa amacandelo e-harmonic ngokwe-waveform accumulation.
(2) Isiphaluka sokulungisa siyanda.Ukumodareyitha kobubanzi be-Pulse iziqalisi ezithambileyo zisebenzisa i-121-pulse, 18-pulse okanye i-24-pulse rectifiers ukunciphisa imisinga yepulse.
(3) Ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kweemodyuli zamandla ombane kwi-series, ngokusebenzisa iimodyuli ze-30 ze-single-pulse series inverter kunye nokuphinda usebenzise i-circuit yamandla, i-pulse current ingancitshiswa.
(4) Sebenzisa indlela entsha yokuguqulwa kwamaza e-DC, efana nokumodareyithwa kwedayimani yesixhobo sevector yombane osebenzayo.Okwangoku, abavelisi abaninzi be-inverter bancamathela ukubaluleka okukhulu kwingxaki ye-harmonic, kwaye ngobuchule baqinisekisa uhlaza lwe-inverter ngexesha loyilo, kwaye ngokusisiseko basombulule ingxaki ye-harmonic.
3 Isiphelo
Ngokuqhelekileyo, sinokuqonda ngokucacileyo isizathu se-harmonics.Ngokomsebenzi wokwenyani, abantu banokukhetha izihluzi ezisebenzayo kunye nezihluzi ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa i-impedance ye-loop, banqumle indlela enxulumene nokuhanjiswa kwe-harmonic, baphuhlise kwaye basebenzise iziqalo ezithambileyo eziluhlaza ngaphandle kongcoliseko lwe-harmonic, kwaye bajike i-harmonics ethambileyo eyenziwe ngu. umqalisi ulawulwa ngaphakathi kuluhlu oluncinci.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-13-2023