Ukuze kuncitshiswe ungcoliseko lomoya okhoyo obangelwa sisithando somlilo esiphakathi, iTshayina yamkele itekhnoloji yokuhlaziya i-multi-pulse rectifier, kwaye yaphuhlisa izixhobo zesithando somlilo esiphakathi esinje nge-6-pulse, 12-pulse, kunye ne-24-pulse intermediate intermediate furnaces, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ixabiso lale yokugqibela liphezulu ngokwentelekiso Phezulu, iinkampani ezininzi zokwenza intsimbi zisanyibilikisa imathiriyeli yesinyithi kwiziko le-6-pulse intermediate frequency frequency, kwaye ingxaki yokungcoliseka kwendalo yangoku ayinakuhoywa.Okwangoku, kukho ubukhulu becala iintlobo ezimbini zezicwangciso zolawulo lwe-harmonics yesithando somlilo: enye yinkqubo yokulawula isiqabu, yenye yeendlela zokulahla iingxaki ezikhoyo ngoku, kwaye linyathelo lokuthintela ukuthintela i-harmonics ye-harmonic ephakathi. iifurnaces induction frequency.Nangona indlela yesibini inokujongana nengxaki eyandayo yongcoliseko lwendalo esingqongileyo ngeendlela ezininzi, kwiziko le-intermediate intermediate induction furnaces ezisetyenziswayo ngoku, yindlela yokuqala kuphela enokusetyenziswa ukubuyisela i-harmonics.Eli phepha lixubusha umgaqo wesithando somlilo we-IF kunye nemilinganiselo yokulawula i-harmonic, kwaye iphakamisa isihluzo samandla asebenzayo (APF) ukubuyisela nokulawula i-harmonics kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo ze-6-pulse IF isithando somlilo.
Umgaqo wombane we-intermediate frequency furnace.
Isithando somlilo esiphakathi sisixhobo sokufudumeza isinyithi esikhawulezayo nesizinzileyo, kwaye isixhobo saso esingundoqo sisinikezelo samandla esiphakathi.Unikezelo lwamandla ombane ophakathi kwesithando somlilo ludla ngokuthatha indlela yokuguqula i-AC-DC-AC, kwaye igalelo lamandla ombane otshintshatshintshayo ngoku liphuma njengamaza ombane aphakathi atshintshana ngoku, kwaye utshintsho lwefrikhwensi alukhawulelwanga kukuphindaphinda kwegridi yamandla.Umzobo webhloko yesekethe uboniswe kuMfanekiso 1:
Kwi-Figure 1, umsebenzi oyintloko wecandelo le-inverter circuit kukuguqula inqanaba lesithathu le-AC yorhwebo yangoku yokuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nokunikezelwa komboneleli kwi-AC yangoku, kubandakanywa isiphaluka sombane wokuhambisa umbane kunye nomnikezeli wokusabalalisa, ukulungiswa kwebhulorho. isekethe, isekethe yokucoca kunye nesekethe yokulawula isilungisi.Umsebenzi oyintloko wecandelo le-inverter kukuguqula i-AC yangoku kwi-single-phase high-frequency AC current (50 ~ 10000Hz), kubandakanywa i-inverter power circuit, ukuqala kwesiphaluka samandla, kunye nomthwalo wesiphaluka samandla.Ekugqibeleni, i-single-phase medium-frequency alternating current kwi-coil induction in the furnace ivelisa i-medium-frequency alternating field magnetic, ebangela ukuba intlawulo kwisithando somlilo ivelise amandla e-electromotive induction, ivelise i-eddy yangoku enkulu kwintlawulo, kwaye Itshisa intlawulo ukuba inyibilike.
Uhlalutyo lweHarmonic
Iiharmonics ezitofelwe kwigridi yamandla ngonikezelo lwamandla amaza ombane aphakathi zenzeka ikakhulu kwisixhobo sokulungisa.Apha sithatha isigaba sesithandathu se-bhlorho egcweleyo yokulawula i-bhlorho yokulungisa isiphaluka njengomzekelo wokuhlalutya umxholo we-harmonics.Ukutyeshela yonke inkqubo yokudluliselwa kwesigaba kunye ne-pulsation yangoku ye-thyristor inverter circuit ye-chain-yesigaba sesithathu sokukhutshwa kwemveliso, ucinga ukuba i-AC side reactance i-zero kwaye i-AC inductance ayinasiphelo, usebenzisa indlela yokuhlalutya i-Fourier, isiqingatha esibi kunye nesilungileyo. -i-currents wave ingaba Imbindi yesangqa isetyenziswe njengendawo ye-zero yexesha, kwaye ifomula ithathwa ukubala i-voltage ye-a-phase yecala le-AC.
Kwifomula: I-Id lixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-DC yecala langoku lesekethe yokubuyisela.
Inokubonwa kwifomyula engentla ukuba i-6-pulse intermediate intermediate furnace, inokuvelisa inani elikhulu le-5, i-7, i-1, i-13, i-17, i-19 kunye nezinye i-harmonics, ezinokushwankathelwa njenge-6k ± 1 (k i-positive Integer) i-harmonics, ixabiso elisebenzayo le-harmonic nganye ihambelana ngokuphambeneyo nomyalelo we-harmonic, kwaye umlinganiselo wexabiso elisebenzayo elisisiseko kukuphindaphinda komyalelo we-harmonic.
Isakhiwo sesekethe yesithando somlilo esiphakathi.
Ngokwamacandelo ahlukeneyo ogcino lwamandla e-DC, iziko eliphakathi kwamaza ombane anokwahlulwa ngokubanzi ngohlobo lwangoku lweziko lombane oluphakathi kunye nohlobo lweziko lombane oluphakathi.Into yokugcina amandla yohlobo lwangoku oluphakathi kwesithando somlilo yi-inductor enkulu, ngelixa indawo yokugcina amandla yohlobo lwe-voltage intermediate frequency furnace yi-capacitor enkulu.Kukho ezinye iiyantlukwano phakathi kwezi zimbini, ezinje: isithando somlilo esiphakathi sohlobo lwangoku silawulwa yi-thyristor, i-resonance circuit i-parallel resonance, ngelixa i-voltage-type intermediate frequency furnace ilawulwa yi-IGBT, kunye nomthwalo we-resonance circuit. uthotho resonance.Isakhiwo sayo esisisiseko siboniswe kwi-Figure 2 kunye ne-3.
isizukulwana se-harmonic
Oku kubizwa ngokuba zii-harmonics zodidi oluphezulu zibhekisa kumalungu angentla kwenani elipheleleyo lokuphindaphinda okuphindaphindwayo kwesiseko esifunyenwe ngokubola kwe periodic non-sinusoidal AC Fourier series, ngokubanzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-high-order harmonics.Ukuphindaphinda (50Hz) Icandelo lefrikhwensi efanayo.Ukuphazamiseka kweHarmonic yeyona "nkathazo yoluntu" enkulu echaphazela umgangatho wamandla wenkqubo yamandla yangoku.
I-Harmonics inciphisa ukuhanjiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kobunjineli bamandla, yenza izixhobo zombane zifudumale, zibangele ukungcangcazela kunye nengxolo, zenze ukuba i-insulation layer ibe mbi, inciphise ubomi benkonzo, kwaye ibangele iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye nokudinwa.Ukwandisa umxholo we-harmonic, utshise izixhobo zembuyekezo ye-capacitor kunye nezinye izixhobo.Kwimeko apho imbuyekezo yokungasebenzi ingasetyenziswa, intlawulo yokungasebenzi iya kwenziwa kwaye iindleko zombane ziya kunyuka.I-high-order pulse currents iya kubangela ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezixhobo zokukhusela i-relay kunye neerobhothi ezihlakaniphile, kwaye umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wokusetyenziswa kwamandla uya kubhideka.Ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokunikezelwa kwamandla, i-harmonics inempembelelo enkulu kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano kunye neemveliso zombane.Ukugqithisa okwethutyana kunye nokugqithiswa okwethutyana okuvelisa i-harmonics kuya kutshabalalisa umaleko wokugquma oomatshini kunye nezixhobo, okubangela inqanaba lesithathu leempazamo zesekethe emfutshane, kwaye i-harmonic yangoku kunye nombane weenguqu ezonakalisiweyo ziya kuvelisa ngokuyinxenye uthotho lwe-resonance kunye ne-resonance efanayo kuthungelwano lwamandla oluntu. , okubangela iingozi ezinkulu zokhuseleko.
I-intermediate frequency electric furnace luhlobo lonikezelo lwamandla ombane oluphakathi, oluguqulwa lube ngamaza aphakathi ngokuchaneka kunye ne-inverter, kwaye luvelise inani elikhulu lee-harmonics ezinobungozi eziphezulu kwigridi yamandla.Ke ngoko, ukuphuculwa komgangatho wamandla kwiziko eliphakathi kwamaza ombane kuye kwaba yeyona nto iphambili kuphando lwezenzululwazi.
isicwangciso solawulo
Inani elikhulu loqhagamshelo lwedatha kwiziko eliphakathi lokuphindaphinda liye lanyusa ungcoliseko lwangoku lwe-pulse yegridi yamandla.Uphando kulawulo lwe-harmonic lweziko eliphakathi kwamaza ombane lube ngumsebenzi ongxamisekileyo, kwaye luxatyiswe ngokubanzi ngabaphengululi.Ukuze wenze impembelelo ye-harmonics eveliswa yi-furnace frequency kwi-grid yoluntu ihlangabezane neemfuno zenkqubo yokunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezixhobo zomhlaba worhwebo, kuyimfuneko ukuthatha amanyathelo asebenzayo okuphelisa ukungcola kwe-harmonic.Amanyathelo okhuseleko alandelayo alandelayo.
Okokuqala, i-transformer isebenzisa i-Y / Y / iphethini yokudibanisa.Kwisithuba esikhulu esiphakathi kwi-frequency induction furnace, isiguquli sotshintsho esinogqabhuko-dubulo sisebenzisa indlela yeY/Y/△ yocingo.Ngokutshintsha indlela yocingo ye-ballast ukuze inxibelelane ne-AC side transformer, inokuphelisa uphawu lwe-high-order pulse current engekho phezulu.Kodwa ixabiso liphezulu.
Okwesibini kukusebenzisa isihluzo sokwenza i-LC.Isakhiwo esiphambili kukusebenzisa i-capacitors kunye ne-reactors kwi-series ukwenza i-LC series rings, ezihambelanayo kwinkqubo.Le ndlela yendabuko kwaye inokuhlawula zombini i-harmonics kunye nemithwalo esebenzayo.Inesakhiwo esilula kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubanzi.Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwembuyekezo kuchatshazelwa yi-impedance yeempawu zenethiwekhi kunye nendawo yokusebenza, kwaye kulula ukubangela i-resonance parallel kunye nenkqubo.Inokubuyisela kuphela imisinga ye-pulse esisigxina, kwaye umphumo wembuyekezo awufanelekanga.
Okwesithathu, ngokusebenzisa i-APF esebenzayo yokucoca, i-high-order harmonic suppression yindlela entsha.I-APF yinkqubo yembuyekezo ye-pulse yangoku, kunye noyilo oluphezulu lwezahlulo kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza, inokulandelela kwaye ihlawule i-pulse currents ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokutshintsha kokuqina, inokusebenza kakuhle okuguquguqukayo, kwaye ukusebenza kwembuyekezo akuyi kuchaphazeleka yi-impedance yeempawu.Impembelelo yembuyekezo yangoku ilungile, ngoko ixabiswa ngokubanzi.
Isihluzi samandla esisebenzayo siphuhliswa ngokusekelwe kuhluzo lokwenziwa, kwaye isiphumo saso sokucoca sigqwesileyo.Ngaphakathi koluhlu lwamandla ombane asebenzayo, umphumo wokucoca yi-100%.
Isihluzi samandla asebenzayo, oko kukuthi, isihluzo samandla asebenzayo, i-APF yokucoca amandla asebenzayo yahlukile kwindlela yembuyekezo esisigxina yesihluzo se-LC yemveli, kwaye iqonda imbuyekezo yokulandelela eguqukayo, enokubuyekeza ngokuchanekileyo i-harmonics kunye namandla asebenzayo obungakanani kunye nokuphindaphinda.Isihluzi esisebenzayo se-APF sesoluhlu lwezixhobo zembuyekezo zodidi oluphezulu lwe-pulse yangoku.Ibeka iliso kumthwalo wangoku ngexesha langempela ngokwe-converter yangaphandle, ibala i-high-order pulse current component kumthwalo wangoku ngokuhambelana ne-DSP yangaphakathi, kwaye ikhupha isignali yedatha yokulawula kwi-inverter power supply., I-inverter power supply isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-high-order harmonic yangoku yobukhulu obufanayo nomthwalo ophezulu we-harmonic current, kunye ne-reverse high-order harmonic current ifakwe kwigridi yamandla ukugcina umsebenzi wokucoca osebenzayo.
Umgaqo wokusebenza we-APF
I-Hongyan filter esebenzayo ibona umthwalo wangoku ngexesha langempela ngokusebenzisa i-CT yangaphandle ye-transformer yangoku, kwaye ikhuphe inxalenye ye-harmonic yomthwalo wangoku ngokubala kwe-DSP yangaphakathi, kwaye iyiguqule ibe ngumqondiso wokulawula kwiprosesa yesignali yedijithali.Kwangaxeshanye, iprosesa yesiginali yedijithali ivelisa uthotho lweempawu zokumodareyitha kobubanzi be-pulse ye-PWM kwaye izithumela kwimodyuli yamandla yangaphakathi ye-IGBT, ilawula isigaba sokuphuma kwe-inverter ukuba sichasane nesalathiso somthwalo we-harmonic yangoku, kwaye yangoku. kunye ne-amplitude efanayo, imisinga emibini ye-harmonic ichasene ngokuthe ngqo enye kwenye.I-Offset, ukuze ufezekise umsebenzi wokucoca i-harmonics.
Iimpawu zobugcisa be-APF
1. Ibhalansi yezigaba ezithathu
2. Imbuyekezo yamandla asebenzayo, ukubonelela ngemeko yamandla
3. Ngomsebenzi wokukhawulela wangoku ngokuzenzekelayo, akukho mthwalo ongaphezulu uya kwenzeka
4. Imbuyekezo ye-Harmonic, inokucoca i-2 ~ 50th ye-harmonic yangoku ngexesha elifanayo
5. Uyilo olulula kunye nokukhetha, kufuneka kuphela ukulinganisa ubukhulu be-harmonic current
6. Isitofu esitshintshayo sesigaba esinye, asichatshazelwa kukungalingani kwenkqubo
7. Ukuphendula ukulayisha utshintsho ngaphakathi kwe-40US, ixesha lokuphendula lilonke li-10ms (umjikelezo we-1/2)
Isiphumo sokuhluza
Izinga lokulawula i-harmonic liphezulu njenge-97%, kwaye uluhlu lolawulo lwe-harmonic lubanzi njenge-2 ~ 50 amaxesha.
Indlela yokucoca ekhuselekileyo nezinzileyo;
Imowudi ekhokelayo yokulawula ukuphazamiseka kwishishini, i-frequency switching iphezulu njenge-20KHz, eyanciphisa ilahleko yokucoca kwaye iphucule kakhulu isantya sokucoca kunye nokuchaneka kwemveliso.Kwaye inikezela ngokuphazamiseka okungapheliyo kwinkqubo yegridi, engachaphazeli i-impedance yegridi yegridi;kwaye imveliso ye-waveform ichanekile kwaye ayinasiphako, kwaye ayiyi kuchaphazela ezinye izixhobo.
Ukomelela kokusingqongileyo
Iyahambelana neejeneretha zedizili, ukuphucula amandla okukhusela amandla okugcina;
Ukunyamezela okuphezulu kwigalelo lokuguquguquka kwamandla kunye nokuphazamiseka;
Isixhobo sokukhusela umbane esiqhelekileyo se-C, siphucula amandla okumelana neemeko zemozulu ezimbi;
Uluhlu olusebenzayo lobushushu be-ambient lomelele, ukuya kuthi ga ku -20°C~70°C.
Usetyenziso
Esona sixhobo siphambili senkampani ye-Foundry yi-intermediate frequency electric furnace.I-intermediate frequency electric furnace ngumthombo oqhelekileyo we-harmonic, ovelisa inani elikhulu le-harmonics, ebangela ukuba i-capacitor yembuyekezo ingaphumeleli ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.Okanye, ubushushu be-transformer bufikelela kuma-75 degrees ehlobo, kubangela inkunkuma yamandla ombane kunye nokunciphisa ubomi bayo.
Indawo yokusebenzela ye-Foundry ye-intermediate frequency furnace inikwe amandla ombane we-0.4KV, kwaye umthwalo wayo ophambili yi-6-pulse rectification intermediate frequency furnace.Isixhobo sokuhlaziya senza inani elikhulu lee-harmonics ngelixa siguqula i-AC kwi-DC ngexesha lomsebenzi, umthombo oqhelekileyo we-harmonic;I-harmonic yangoku ifakwe kwigridi yamandla, amandla ombane eHarmonic aveliswa kwi-impedance yegridi, ebangela umbane wegridi kunye nokugqwetheka kwangoku, okuchaphazela umgangatho wobonelelo lwamandla kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza, ukwandisa ilahleko yomgca kunye nokunciphisa amandla ombane, kwaye ibe nefuthe elibi kwigridi kunye izixhobo zombane zefektri ngokwayo.
1. Uhlalutyo lwe-harmonic yeempawu
I-1) Isixhobo sokulungiswa kwesithando somlilo esiphakathi yi-6-pulse controllable rectification;
I-2) I-harmonics eveliswa ngu-rectifier yi-6K + 1 i-harmonics engaqhelekanga.Uthotho lweFourier lusetyenziselwa ukubola kunye nokuguqula okwangoku.Ingabonwa ukuba i-waveform yangoku iqulethe i-6K ± 1 i-harmonics ephezulu.Ngokwedatha yovavanyo lwesithando somlilo esiphakathi, i-harmonic Umxholo wangoku wamaza uboniswe kwitheyibhile engezantsi:
Ngethuba lenkqubo yokusebenza kwesithando somlilo esiphakathi, inani elikhulu le-harmonics lenziwa.Ngokovavanyo kunye neziphumo zokubala zesithando somlilo esiphakathi, iimpawu ze-harmonics ubukhulu becala ziyi-5, kwaye i-7th, 11th, kunye ne-13 ye-harmonic currents zinkulu kakhulu, kwaye i-voltage kunye nokuphazamiseka kwangoku kunzulu.
2. Iskimu solawulo lweHarmonic
Ngokwemeko yokwenyani yeshishini, iHongyan Electric iyile iseti epheleleyo yezisombululo zokucoca zolawulo lweharmonic lweziko eliphakathi.Ukuqwalasela umthamo wamandla omthwalo, iimfuno zokufunxa i-harmonic kunye ne-harmonics yangasemva, isethi yezixhobo zokucoca ezisebenzayo zifakwe kwicala le-0.4KV eliphantsi kwe-voltage ye-transformer yeshishini.I-Harmonics ilawulwa.
3. Uhlalutyo lwesiphumo sokuhluza
1) Isixhobo sokucoca esisebenzayo sifakwa ekusebenzeni, kwaye silandelela ngokuzenzekelayo utshintsho lwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zomthwalo wesithando somlilo esiphakathi, ukuze i-harmonic nganye ihluzwe ngokufanelekileyo.Gwema ukutshiswa okubangelwa yi-parallel resonance yebhanki ye-capacitor kunye nesekethe yenkqubo, kwaye uqinisekise ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwekhabhinethi yembuyekezo yamandla asebenzayo;
I-2) I-Harmonic currents iphuculwe ngokufanelekileyo emva kokunyanga.I-5th, 7th, kunye ne-11th ye-harmonic currents ezingazange zisetyenziswe zagqithiswa ngokungqongqo.Ngokomzekelo, i-5 ye-harmonic yangoku ihla ukusuka kwi-312A ukuya malunga ne-16A;i-7 ye-harmonic yangoku ihla ukusuka kwi-153A ukuya malunga ne-11A;i-11 ye-harmonic yangoku ihla ukusuka kwi-101A ukuya malunga ne-9A;Ukuhambelana nomgangatho wesizwe we-GB/T14549-93 "i-Power Quality Harmonics yeGridi kaRhulumente";
3) Emva kokulawula i-harmonic, ubushushu be-transformer buyancipha ukusuka kwi-75 degrees ukuya kwi-50 degrees, egcina amandla amaninzi ombane, inciphisa ilahleko eyongezelelweyo ye-transformer, inciphisa ingxolo, iphucula umthamo womthwalo we-transformer, kunye nokwandisa ixesha elide. ubomi benkonzo ye-transformer;
4) Emva konyango, umgangatho wonikezelo lwamandla kwiziko lombane eliphakathi uphuculwa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye isantya sokusetyenziswa konikezelo lwamandla ombane oluphakathi luyaphuculwa, olunceda ekusebenzeni okukhuselekileyo noqoqosho lwenkqubo kunye nokuphuculwa kwenkqubo. iinzuzo zoqoqosho;
I-5) Ukunciphisa ixabiso elisebenzayo langoku elihambayo kumgca wokusabalalisa, ukuphucula amandla ombane, kunye nokuphelisa i-harmonics ehamba kumgca wokusabalalisa, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa kakhulu ilahleko yomgca, ukunciphisa ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwentambo yokusabalalisa, kunye nokuphucula umthwalo. umthamo womgca;
6) Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kakubi okanye ukwaliwa kwezixhobo zokulawula kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela i-relay, kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kokunikezelwa kwamandla;
I-7) Buyekeza ukungalingani kwangoku kwesigaba sesithathu, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kobhedu kwe-transformer kunye nomgca kunye nokungathathi hlangothi, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wokunikezelwa kwamandla;
I-8) Emva kokuba i-APF ixhunyiwe, inokunyusa umthamo womthwalo we-transformer kunye neentambo zokusabalalisa, ezilingana nokwandiswa kwenkqubo kunye nokunciphisa utyalo-mali ekwandiseni inkqubo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-13-2023